Quick Answer
- MOQ is the smallest quantity a supplier will sell in a single order.
- It can be a unit count, a case pack, or a minimum dollar amount.
- Suppliers set it to keep orders worth their handling and shipping cost.
- Closeout lots often come as full cases or pallets — a form of MOQ.
You'll see "MOQ" on almost every wholesale listing. Here's exactly what it means and how to plan around it.
What MOQ means
MOQ (minimum order quantity) is the smallest amount a supplier will sell in one order. It might be expressed as a number of units, a number of case packs, or a minimum dollar value. Order below it and the supplier typically won't process the order.
Why suppliers set one
Every order has fixed costs — picking, packing, paperwork, shipping. An MOQ makes sure each order is large enough to be worth that effort and to justify the wholesale price. Lower prices come with larger minimums; that's the trade-off.
How to work with MOQ
- Start with suppliers whose MOQ matches your budget and storage.
- Factor the full order into your pricing and margin before you commit.
- Ask whether mixed cases or sample orders are available.
Closeout and liquidation inventory is often sold by the case or pallet, which is its own kind of minimum — worth checking the manifest first. See how to evaluate suppliers.
Match MOQ to sell-through. A low price means nothing if the minimum order is more than you can realistically sell in a reasonable window.
MOQ FAQ
What does MOQ stand for?
Minimum order quantity — the smallest order a supplier will accept, by units, case packs, or dollar value.
Why do wholesalers have a minimum order?
To keep each order large enough to cover their fixed handling and shipping costs and to justify wholesale pricing.
Can you negotiate MOQ?
Sometimes. Some suppliers offer sample orders or mixed cases, especially for a first order, so it is worth asking.
Does closeout inventory have an MOQ?
Often yes, in the form of full case packs or pallets. Always review the manifest so you know what the minimum includes.
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